Comparison of Axillary Lymph Node Dissection With Axillary Radiation for Patients With Node-Positive Breast Cancer Treated With Chemotherapy

Official Title

A Randomized Phase III Trial Comparing Axillary Lymph Node Dissection to Axillary Radiation in Breast Cancer Patients (cT1-3 N1) Who Have Positive Sentinel Lymph Node Disease After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Summary:

This randomized phase III trial studies lymph node dissection and radiation therapy to see how well it works compared to radiation therapy alone in treating patients with breast cancer previously treated with chemotherapy and surgery. Lymph node dissection may remove cancer cells that have spread to nearby lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer. Radiation therapy uses high-energy x rays or protons to kill tumour cells. It is not yet known if radiation therapy works better alone or with lymph node dissection in treating patients with breast cancer previously treated with chemotherapy and surgery.

Trial Description

Primary Outcome:

• Invasive breast cancer recurrence-free interval (IBC-RFI)

Secondary Outcome:

• Overall survival
• Ipsilateral/local/regional invasive breast cancer recurrence (ILR-REC)

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:

• To evaluate whether radiation to the undissected axilla and regional lymph nodes is not inferior to axillary lymph node dissection with radiation to the regional lymph nodes but not to the dissected axilla in terms of invasive breast cancer recurrence-free interval in patients with positive sentinel lymph node(s) (SLN[s]) after completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

• To evaluate whether radiation to the undissected axilla and regional lymph nodes is not inferior to axillary lymph node dissection with radiation to the regional lymph nodes but not to the dissected axilla in terms of the incidence of invasive loco-regional recurrences in patients with a positive SLN(s) after completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
• To obtain an estimate of the distribution of residual disease burden scores.
• To estimate the distribution of overall survival.

OUTLINE:
Patients are randomized to 1 of 2 treatment arms.

ARM I: Patients undergo axillary lymph node dissection. Beginning 3-12 weeks following surgery, patients undergo nodal radiation therapy comprising 3-dimensional (3D) conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT), intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), or proton radiation therapy (PRT) 5 days a week for 5-6 weeks.

ARM II: Patients undergo axillary and nodal radiation therapy comprising 3D-CRT, IMRT, or PRT 5 days a week for 5-6 weeks. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at least every 6 months for 2 years and then annually for 3 years.

View this trial on ClinicalTrials.gov